Gateway Chiropractic

Fantastic experience: Dr. Dancesia is amazing. She is friendly, positive and upbeat. She takes her time to explain everything to you. Haven’t felt this great in months.

Fantastic experience: Dr. Alicia Haupt is awesome. I was in a tremendous amount of back pain when I first started going to her. Limited movement. Limited use of one arm. Pain while walking, moving, sleeping. Within a few treatments she had me nearly pain free and restored all of my mobility. I continue to go regularly just for maintenance now. The pain reduces with every visit. The staff is awesome as well. Very friendly and very adept at their duties. I can't say enough good things about this place and its staff.

Fantastic experience: I haven’t been adjusted in 25 years. Dr Carrie was thorough and took time to listen. Adjusting went well and I’m looking forward to next appointment.

Fantastic experience: Dr Alicia is amazing. Due to some serious back pain, I began visiting Dr Alicia about the pain. The severity of the pain diminished with each visit. And now I see her for maintenance and prevention.

Fantastic experience: Carrie and the team were amazing. Highly recommend them!!!

Fantastic experience: Been attending as needed since about 2005 and always feel that they can relieve the issue at hand (mine are neck, back and hips normally). Friendly staff and clean environment.

Fantastic experience: Super kind and friendly staff. I have been seeing them for a year with lower back pain and I feel So much better! Highly recommend!

Fantastic experience: Staff professional and courteous. Doctors are great to work with and listen to your concerns.

Fantastic experience: Excellent staff! Dr Tom did a great job ! I will definitely recommend this Amazing practice.

Fantastic experience: I see Dr. Tom here! I have had chiropractic sessions in the past, and my experiences at Gateway Chiropractic always exceed expectations! All of the staff are always friendly and outgoing, professional, and the environment is very relaxing. The sessions themselves are the best I’ve ever had, and they offer more treatments than I’ve seen at other offices before. I highly recommend this practice!

Fantastic experience: I had a great experience with the Doctor, and he helped me tremendously. I felt he took the time with me and his treatment fix my pain I had been dealing with for the past year. I can't wait to return.

Fantastic experience: Dr. Carrie is Amazing!! Great personality, attentive, professional, super friendly, really took the time to listen and help with my daughter's neck issues. Thank you!!

Fantastic experience: Visited for the first time the other day and I will definitely be going back!

Fantastic experience: Greatest place that provides chiropractic service! If you are in the Gainesville/Haymarket area and need care, then definitely stop by for quality services.

Fantastic experience: Dr. TOM IS AWESOME AND EXTREMELY PROFESSIONAL AND KIND!!!!

Fantastic experience: There's nothing but praise for gateway Chiropractic. In particular, for Dr. Alicia After being in a severe paint After 3 days she was a able to accomplish a miracle. I definitely would recommend them to anybody in such pain. I am now in a much better place still working on My situation. But at least I can function, I would recommend For their accomplishments. five if not better God bless you Dr Alicia

Fantastic experience: I felt valued from the minute I walked in. My first treatment and I can feel a change. Dr. Robinson is awesome.

Fantastic experience: I usually see Dr Carrie, but I have experienced all three members of the team in the last year of visits. I’m impressed by their relaxed professionalism, they keep me mobile despite my aging body issues and I am grateful for their attention to help me! Their support team also need mention, all extremely pleasant and organized.

Fantastic experience: I love going there because the whole staff are always very helpful!!!!

Fantastic experience: First time visiting the chiropractor, and the experience was amazing! The doctor and the entire staff are exceptional.

Fantastic experience: I have been seeing Dr. Carrie on and off for 2 years now, most recently at least once a week since May 2024 due to a severe back injury I incurred. She is incredible and though I still have a ways to go to 100%, I have improved in my mobility immensely. I would recommend this practice (and especially Dr Carrie) to anyone in need of a chiropractor!!

Fantastic experience: Gateway is a very professional establishment and is very friendly. DR. Alicia Haupt is amazing and has a vast amount of knowledge and experience. I'm very pleased with the kindness of the staff and the environment. Highly recommend if you're looking. Thanks again.

Fantastic experience: Everyone that works there are so nice and make you feel welcome...helped me after my car accident and just helped my son and after just one visit he feels so much better just so thankful..they care so much for everyone who walks in their door

Fantastic experience: Went in today with lots of issues and after a talk with Dr Alicia Haupt and a session I already feel better, great knowing your in good hands going here! Highly recommended!! Great front office staff too!

Fantastic experience: Dr. Alicia and Dr. Carrie and all the staff at this facility are so great to work with, helped alleviate major and minor back issues over the years in very few visits (sometimes just one). Highly recommend!!

Fantastic experience: Lots of pleasant people to look after you. Dr. Alicia is always on target with her care!

Fantastic experience: This is a great chiropractic team! From the front reception staff, to the medical assistants, to the doctors, all are highly professional, friendly, and caring. Now that I’ve found them, I’ve no reason to look further.

Fantastic experience: Had a great experience with Dr. Dickerson! All of the staff were super nice and helpful.

Fantastic experience: They are always so friendly and accommodating. My initial concern was fully resolved within a couple of months

Fantastic experience: Very good experience. Doctor took his time listening and understood my needs. Highly recommended.

Fantastic experience: All 3 Chiropractors are amazing! We love Carrie - the office staff is so kind, often have appointments available, and listen to your bodies. Our whole family (newborns+) love visiting Carrie!

Fantastic experience: Alicia is excellent doctor and went over my medical history. She is very intelligent and is dedicated and concerned about her patients. Her medical staff is top notch and efficient I would recommend the Gateway practice to anyone who asked.

Fantastic experience: Dr Tom at Gateway is kind and knowledgable. He listens to me about my painful areas and any concerns I have. The adjustments provide me with immediate relief, as well as longer term relief with consistent care. I couldn’t ask for a better experience.

Fantastic experience: I began coming here many years ago and my doctor eventually moved. Life got busy and I didn’t come in for quite a while. When I returned I began seeing Dr. Tom and he is amazing! I’m always blown away when someone can pinpoint the exact spot that is giving me trouble without me having to tell them and he does just that! Once again life got busy and I was away for almost 6 months. I was really feeling the tension, was having some nasty headaches and knew I needed an adjustment. I walked out of there feeling like a new person. The staff here is also super friendly and genuinely interested in talking with you. I highly recommend this practice!

Fantastic experience: Highly recommend this practice! Excellent service. This is only my second visit and everyone is so nice and professional. Dr. Haupt and Dr. Reiter took the time to evaluate me and explain my issues. Email was sent to me on exercises to work on at home to improve my treatment. I look forward for my next visit and follow on visits.

Fantastic experience: Love Gateway Chiropractic and they have always made me feel so much better!! Injured my back last week and had a hard time standing up straight and couldn’t sit for long periods of time. After 2 visits I can sit and stand with a lot less pain and I am close to standing up straight! I am excited for my next visit and I even plan on making an appointment for my husband! I highly recommend this practice!! Dr. Haupt is amazing but so are the other doctors!!

Fantastic experience: I've been a patient at gateway chiropractic for over 8 years. The staff is amazing and I always feel like I'm getting 100% out of each visit. I never feel rushed or unheard. Both Carrie and Alicia take time to listen and treat you both conservatively and thoroughly. I have recommend friends and family visit for their needs and I've never had negative feedback. If you're looking for compassion and top quality care, this is your place.

Fantastic experience: Excellent providers and staff. They have made a huge difference in how I feel every day. Thank you GC team!

Fantastic experience: Dr. Haupt and Dr. Reiter spent so much time and care with me today, to get to the root of my back pain. They went way above and beyond to make a treatment plan for some long term relief, not just a quick adjustment. I had hesitated to come in, but am so glad I did! I'll be back. Thanks for taking the time to listen and address my back and knee pain!

Fantastic experience: Quick appointment in a pinch! Great service and my daughter felt so much better!! Thank you!

Fantastic experience: Wonderful experience, was my first visit to Chiropractor and they identified a lot of issues with my feet and back. I hope to see progress soon!

Fantastic experience: I was suffering with my planter fasciitis couple years ago & let me tell you that Dr. Haupt is an awesome doctor , I have no pain anymore. Every single staff in the office is so nice !!

Fantastic experience: Great first visit today! Felt warmly received by Dr. Haupt and her staff. Received excellent service and adjustment from Dr. Reiter and looking forward to my next visit.

Fantastic experience: It's a pleasure meeting you! The service was outstanding and efficient. I genuinely feel much better after my first visit.

Fantastic experience: I always have a wonderful experience when I visit. Dr. Tom takes great care of me and everyone working there is so friendly and welcoming. They go out of their way to accommodate the young children I bring with me, too! I highly recommend Gateway Chiropractic!

Fantastic experience: Receptionists are communicating through both sides and all of the doctors are listening to their patients. I have been treated with respect and care in a way that’s more comfortable and appropriately meaningful than regular therapy.

Fantastic experience: Great experience! Everything was explained to me so that I understood each step taken to ensure my recovery.

Fantastic experience: always so flexible in helping me get me foot in the door! - it is truly a blessing. they've seen me through all 3 of my pregnancies. Dont know what I would do without them

Fantastic experience: Dr Carrie cares and show passion! Know her field! Exceptional office and put us as customers first! Love them!

Fantastic experience: I absolutely love Gateway Chiropractic. It doesn't matter who you have an appointment with, Dr. Alicia, Dr. Carrie, or Dr. Tom they all care very much about you and listen to what your ailment might be. From the moment you walk it everyone treats you like family whether it's your first time or if you have been coming for years. If for what ever reason you run into an issue they do there very best to work with you to resolve it. I personally have had nothing but great experiences coming here.

Fantastic experience: I Don't believe, the first session with Dr.Tom worked out. The 20 days pain in my shoulder reduced tremendously. However I still feel tingling in my hand but I'm sure the next visit will be effective too.

Fantastic experience: Highly recommend Dr. Carrie… I had suffered with lower back pain for about a year and after the first session with Dr. Carrie my pain was gone and I was able to return to routine activities with no pain. The doctors and staff are very nice and professional…I highly recommend Gateway Chiropractor. Thank you so much!!

Fantastic experience: They don't just go through the motions here. They really tailor the treatment to your needs. Very friendly and engaged. I've gone there weeks apart, and they've remembered my symptoms. Been going there 2 years now for various reasons and never come away disappointed.

Fantastic experience: I’ve been coming here for 5 years as I need it. I always feel better afterwards! Thank you Dr. Alicia for taking such good care of me

Fantastic experience: Gateway Chiropractic and Dr Tom have been great. Very knowledgeable and concerned about my condition. Acted fast to receive my pain and schedule to correct alignment conditions. I would highly recommend Gateway Chiropractic.

Fantastic experience: Dr. Haupt is a gem. She not only alleviated my fears about chiropractic care, but she made me a believer. My chronic neck pain is finally dissipating through regular treatments, and she even made time to see me on Sunday to give me an extra dose of much needed care right before my birthday! I can't speak highly enough of her and her wonderful team.

Fantastic experience: Dr Alish Haupt is wonderful, I can’t recommend her highly enough, I would give her 10 stars if it let me. I went with my back out of adjustment from walking on crutches after knee surgery, she got my upper and lower back into alignment. Making an appointment is very easy to fit into my work schedule, I love that they can do an appointment after 5:00 and Saturday mornings so I don’t have to take as much time off of work. She was very thorough and the office staff is courteous, I will continue to see them for my regular chiropractic maintenance.

Fantastic experience: Dr Haupt & Gateway Chiropractic have been amazing in helping me recover from a knee and ankle injury. I had an MCL tear and tendinitis with a lot of swelling & with just the first session I felt a huge improvement & regained a lot of my motion back. Excellent staff and reception!

Negative experience: I came here because I tore my calf muscle and wanted some work on it. I saw Dr. Carrie, who was very pleasant, and was very happy with her treatment and felt relief almost instantly. However, I had also brought my husband and children with me and it was clear the staff was unhappy with them as soon as we walked in the door. My husband watched them in the waiting room while I was in the other room and has been accused of “not doing anything” while they break things and disturb others. I only found out about this with a follow-up phone call with a request to change my appointment time to later if I was going to bring my kids, and to not bring them to an appointment on Monday (I was going to be coming in three times a week for my calf, and have no one to watch my kids during that time). I’m not sure how the staff claimed to be watching them when they didn’t interact with them in any way aside from freaked out stares and whispers. And if my children broke anything, it was a flimsy sign that is easy to have fall down in the first place. They were not running up and down the halls, smashing computers, jumping all over chairs, etc. I have taken my kids to many appointments at many different places and have always been welcomed back, not complained about, and certainly never experienced the level of obvious whispering and disdain that my family did at this place. I will not be coming back because of this. Talking to then staff afterward on the phone, they didn’t have a really clear answer as to what the actual problem was, as they kept changing what they were saying which leads me to believe the probable cause was an increased noise level for half an hour. In which case that is an issue with the staff/maybe some clients, not us. And I'm sure they'll reply here with another excuse. It is not a spa, is a chiropractic office. There’s no “quiet please” sign that I could see. This seems like a wonderful place to get worked on if you are alone or have children that are perfectly quiet and still. And if the staff would truly like to experience my husband “not doing anything,” maybe he could drop them off by themselves sometime and the staff could see what that would really look like. It’s incredibly insulting.

Fantastic experience: Tom and the office staff were great! Tom took time to explain my injuries and treatment plans to me. Lacey was very sweet. She did my laser and heat treatments with great care.

Fantastic experience: The customer service here is amazing. And Dr Tom really took time to understand my needs. The practice is really good about getting a comprehensive background and I will definitely visit again and highly recommend

Fantastic experience: Great place for all your chiropractor needs. Very experienced and knowledgeable. Takes time to listen and then works manic on you. Very personal care. The very best.

Fantastic experience: Love this office! All the staff is sweet, personable, and very understanding. I often bring my young children with me and they love coming in too! I just had my third baby and all throughout my pregnancy I was in the office 2-3 times a week for intense pelvic and bone pain. I love that I can trust Dr. Carrie to listen and customize my adjustments based on my needs. She is so kind and attentive and always helps me feel better! I’m thankful for the care I receive here!!

Fantastic experience: Over the past several years, Dr A has put my back together again. From my first visit, to most recently I have always been welcomed with open arms. Dr A listens to you and treats you with expertise. She never diminishes the pain you are in. I don’t go routinely, life gets in the way, but when I need to go it’s urgent and she fits you right in. Most recently my back pain was at its worst ever and I’m already feeling relief after the first visit. You can’t go wrong with Dr. A.

Fantastic experience: Staff very polite and helpful. Dr Tom was very receptive and listen to everything I needed help with. Great adjustment and helpful ideas to help ease and correct my issues. Thank Dr. Tom.

Fantastic experience: I wasn't impressed with chiropractor I saw in CO many years ago so I had given up. I decided to ask for help from Gateway Chiropractic and have renewed hope. My first appointment with Dr. Alicia Haupt went even better than I had hoped it would. She listened and talked me through everything that happened and I felt the difference in my sorest spots immediately. I already scheduled my next seven appointments!

Fantastic experience: Always a great experience visiting with Dr. Haupt and the rest of the staff! It's great to deal with a team that listens to your problems/concerns and addresses them accordingly. Glad to have this service in the neighborhood!

Fantastic experience: I started my visit to Gateway Chiropractic with Dr. Alisha a few months ago and it has done wonders for my back and sciatica. She has helped me tremendously with my quality of life, highly recommend.

Fantastic experience: Recently I received an examination, including X-rays at a local orthopedic/spine center for back and knee pain. The practice was not able to identify the problem. Due to positive reviews, I scheduled a visit at Gateway Chiropractic. In a matter of minutes, Dr. Carrie was able to identify the exact areas that were causing my knee and back pain, explained why I was experiencing the pain and began treatment. Immediately, I felt relief in both of my knees and back. A few appointments (treatments) later, my knee and back pain are almost completely gone. Dr. Carrie is a master of her craft and I highly recommend her and this entire practice.

Fantastic experience: Gateway Chiropractic is the best! I hadn’t been in a long time and needed an adjustment! The staff and doctors are amazing! I won’t go anywhere else! I feel so much better even after one visit! Thank you!!

Fantastic experience: I just came back from my monthly appointment with Dr. Carrie. I feel terrific. I always look forward to my visits as I always want to feel I am doing everything to keep my body in maximum shape. The office staff is always helpful and courteous. I can’t say enough positive comments about Gateway chiropractic.

Fantastic experience: Great staff! Very accommodating- I was able to be seen same day! Dr Haupt listened, evaluated and treated me. My pain was much better after just one visit!

Fantastic experience: The staff and doctors are very friendly and experienced. This past week, I’ve had to cancel a few times due to work and gave them a short notice, yet they were still very kind and understanding. I highly recommend this place!!

Fantastic experience: I highly recommend this exceptional chiropractor for anyone with back problems or musculoskeletal concerns. Their expertise and care are unmatched, and they provided me with a life-changing experience. I feel like a brand new person thanks to their outstanding treatment. Don't hesitate to book an appointment with them – you won't be disappointed!

Fantastic experience: Dr. Alicia is very thorough and does a great adjustment + heat pad. Also listened carefully, did an X-ray, and explained what she found. Did a different adjustment to help with the problem.

Fantastic experience: I had a last minute need for an adjustment and reached out to Gateway Chiropractic. They were able to get me in right away and I was a new patient. From the first call to the end of the visit I was treating with kindness. Dr. Tom was able to help me and I got relief from my treatment. Highly recommend Gateway Chiropractic. Thanks for taking great care of me!!

Fantastic experience: I highly recommend Gateway Chiropractic. I had a problem with my hip which hurt so badly I was walking with a cane. I was in constant pain. Dr Alicia has worked wonders. My hip is exponentially better after 3 visits. The office staff are really kind and very efficient. Dr Alicia is friendly and sympathetic. She put me at ease right away. I would never go anywhere else.

Fantastic experience: My experience was one that most definitely exceeded my expectations. I did not have to wait and questions that I had were answered. The Dr. was fantastic and I woul definitely recommend Gateway Chiropractic

Fantastic experience: An amazing chiropractor, Dr. Carrie Dancesia, at Gateway Chiropractic near Target, helped me unbelievably, right at the first visit. My spine was out of alignment, and I would wake up with difficulty breathing, and had to find a way to straighten it temporarily for breath to become normal. Also hip pain would wake me up. The breathing problem was completely resolved after the first visit! The hip one has greatly improved. It became also easier to climb stairs. It has been several days since the first treatment, and the improvements have held. I am very thankful!!!

Fantastic experience: First time here with Dr Dickerson and he made me feel very comfortable and welcome, explaining everything thoroughly, that I had no questions left in mind. Very happy my mom recommended this place after an unfortunate car accident. 100% recommending this place for their excellent service from the front to the back.

Fantastic experience: Great doctors and clinical staff! My pain is gone and I’m sleeping comfortably, after more than 6 months of lower back pain before starting here. Thank you so much!

Fantastic experience: Dr Alicia is very personable, understanding, and caring. Her care is more than just the average chiropractor. She works with you on the areas bothering you whether that's helping you to stretch, apply pressure, or show you simple exercises to help correct an issue.

Fantastic experience: I had recently had a full left hip replacement and several weeks afterwards, I was rear-ended in a bad car accident. This left my back, knees, shoulders, neck and hip in a fair amount of pain. Thankfully, nothing was broken, but I had severely stressed some muscles, tendons and ligaments. I was referred to Gateway Chiropractic and due in large part to the most excellent skills and abilities of Dr. Alicia Haupt, D.C., I was able to make what seems like a 100% recovery. I am very thankful for the services and would highly recommend this practice.

Fantastic experience: Updated 4/17/2023. I said before, I have been to many chiropractors in my time. All have helped in the issue I was having. I have not had any who took the time to explain all aspects of what will be taking place over the next few months. They were good but Gateway is the next level. My Dr is amazing as well as the rest of the staff. I look forward to progressing through treatment. I very rarely do reviews for anything other then food. On top of that, if I have not been to a place, I just don’t. Have you ever had such a great experience even before showing up for an appointment or a meal? I never have until today. Over 10 years of a consistent headache and head pain. I have tried everything and almost every otc drug and prescription. I am a believer in chiropractor care. I have had many over the years. Which brings me to Gateway Chiropractic. I wanted to be close to work so I went to their website. 5 minutes away so I signed up. The online forms page was easy enough a 10 year old could have done it. So I stopped by just to see if they had time today or to make an appointment. That’s when I met Tessa. This beautiful soul was like an angel. She invited me to the desk and asked how could she help me. I told her and without hesitation. Mr Perry I have you for this time on this day. Let’s look at insurance, oh well you have a great plan, you only need to pay this each time. With that, Tessa made me feel better from just being helpful and professional. So without the first actual adjustment from a chiropractor I am feeling a sense of relief. I will be posting the actual happenings in this same review. I truly hope I am head/neck pain free in a few weeks Tessa

Fantastic experience: If you are in pain, look no further than Gateway Chiropractic. Dr. Carrie has been my lifesaver for getting me back on my feet. As a busy mother and business owner, being in pain and unable to move efficiently creates a huge obstacle. I have walked into this office in severe back pain and limping and have walked out of the office (same day) perfectly. Her value to not only me but my family is priceless. She is the very best!

Fantastic experience: Great practice! I've been a patient off and on for years. Very accommodating, have brought me "upright" on more than one occasion. Specifically, Dr. Alicia Haupt...a savior of my mobility for sure. All of the staff is friendly and personable as well. Highly recommend.

Fantastic experience: Dr. Tom is a gem! He understands that each patient is very different and approaches them as such. He does not rush to complete adjustments if your muscles and soft tissues are not in agreement. I'm grateful to have found this office.

Fantastic experience: Dr. Alicia Haupt is not just true healer, but she is someone that makes you feel as though you are the only one within in the office. I also love her smile.

Fantastic experience: I am so grateful and ​blessed for all ​these ladies ​this past month. Thank you so​ much for ​your ​kindness and concern ​for each​ detail of my discomfort and pain. Doc. Alicia and Doctor Carrie are so wonderful. Thank you to the staff, who are so friendly and caring. ​ ​I recommend their service 100%​. ​Blessing,​

Fantastic experience: We had the best experience with Dr. Dancesia. You can tell how passionate she is in regards to her profession. She is caring and enjoys what she does.

Fantastic experience: I've been going to Gateway Chiropractic every week for the last few months. All of the staff are super friendly! I'm a dental hygienist, so my back aches on a fairly regular basis. Dr. Tom is fantastic at helping me keep the pain away, and he's also a pretty cool dude. Though I have never seen the other doctors there, I can hear them speaking with other patients, and they seem very nice and knowledgeable. Would definitely recommend checking this place out!

Fantastic experience: My lower back started hurting really bad yesterday. Was really happy to be able to make an appointment online for today. My first visit I was pleasantly surprised by how friendly and welcoming everyone was. Dr. Dickerson was awesome. I look forward to working with him to hopefully fix my back pains for the longterm.

Fantastic experience: Love this place. Everyone is super friendly and they always seem to have times to meet our schedules. The doctor's are incredible and have made a huge difference for me and my kids. I would highly recommend folks to check them out. You will be surprised in what they can do!

Fantastic experience: I have been placing my spinal health in Dr. Haupt’s care for over a decade. Dr. Haupt and her staff have gone above and beyond on numerous occasions to accommodate my physical needs as well as schedule. I enjoy the wonderful back health I do today through their Professional care and hard work. A definite positive in my world.

Fantastic experience: I have been coming here for years, and I recommended it to my neighbors and coworkers. Alicia and the other Dr's listen to your symptoms and come up with detailed plans on how to lessen the issues that you have. The receptionists here are hands down some of the best customer service representatives I have been lucky to deal with. Thank You for all! Truly.

Fantastic experience: I am new to Gateway Chiropractic and working with Dr. Carrie. I rate them 5 stars across the board! They are professional, positive and very supportive. I am very grateful to have been recommended to their team.

Fantastic experience: This was my First visit. Received courteous and timely attention by the Receptionist. Dr. Sam took time to review and explain the steps that would be involved in what would be done. He made me feel comfortable that he was interested in making sure I knew what he would do and how it would be done.

Fantastic experience: I called for a same day appointment due to bad stiff neck. I woke up with lots of pain and limited movement and after a couple days of other treatments like massage and acupuncture, I gave chiro a try. Dr. Alicia was able to pinpoint the cause of pain and worked some magic because I walked out with so much more range of motion and less discomfort! The facility was clean and everyone was really pleasant. Highly recommend!

Fantastic experience: Have been seeing Dr. Alecia Haupt for years now and have been recommending her to friends and family. She is wonderful! Visits are often efficient and they are able to accommodate scheduling requests. Highly recommend!

Fantastic experience: Carrie is awesome! My first appointment she made me feel cared for and interested in what I had going on. After years of seeing many doctors and chiropractors none of them made me feel like a patient, just a number. The entire office was friendly and welcoming. I definitely recommend Gateway for your chiropractor needs!